Aaron Copland’s Fanfare For The Common Man (1942)

In May 1942, soon after the Unit­ed States had entered World War II after Pearl Har­bor, F D Roosevelt’s Vice Pres­i­dent James A Wal­lace deliv­ered the speech of his life, in which he cast a future world peace as mean­ing “a bet­ter stan­dard of liv­ing for the com­mon man, not mere­ly in the Unit­ed States and Eng­land, but also in India, Rus­sia, Chi­na, and Latin America–not mere­ly in the Unit­ed Nations, but also in Ger­many and Italy and Japan”

Some have spo­ken of the “Amer­i­can Cen­tu­ry”. I say that the cen­tu­ry on which we are entering—the cen­tu­ry which will come into being after this war—can be and must be the cen­tu­ry of the com­mon man.”

As well as being trans­lat­ed into 20 lan­guages and mil­lions of copies being dis­trib­uted around the world, the speech also inspired the leader of the Cincin­nati Sym­pho­ny Orches­tra, Eugene Goossens, to com­mis­sion a fan­fare. He asked Amer­i­can com­posers to sub­mit patri­ot­ic pieces to sup­port the war effort, repris­ing a sim­i­lar ini­tia­tive dur­ing World War I and each one to pre­cede the CSO’s orches­tral con­certs. A total of eigh­teen fan­fares were sub­mit­ted, includ­ing Fan­fare for Para­troop­ers, Fan­fare for the Med­ical Corp, Fan­fare for Air­men, and one that became very famous, Aaron Copland’s Fan­fare for the Com­mon Man.

The fan­fare is writ­ten for four horns, three trum­pets, three trom­bones, tuba, tim­pani, bass drum, and tam-tam, and is as stir­ring a piece of brass sound­scape as one can imag­ine. It cap­tures won­der­ful­ly the spir­it of Wallace’s opti­mistic theme of ush­er­ing in a just future world. Below, let’s watch this dra­mat­ic ren­der­ing by the Dutch Radio Phil­har­mon­ic Orches­tra, and then lis­ten to the bril­liant prog rock ver­sion released in 1977 by Emer­son Lake and Palmer (and which was my first expo­sure to Copland’s music).

Aaron Cop­land

Paul Robeson’s I’m Goin’ To Tell God All O’ My Troubles (1927)

The injus­tices endured by enslaved African Amer­i­cans in the Unit­ed States between the 17th cen­tu­ry right up until the Thir­teenth Amend­ment abol­ish­ing slav­ery in 1865, but then also the resid­ual racism and seg­re­ga­tion that sim­mered after its abo­li­tion well into the twen­ti­eth cen­tu­ry, makes for dif­fi­cult read­ing. A pod­cast I have been lis­ten­ing to about the his­to­ry of slav­ery in the US opens with a slave song, I’m Goin’ To Tell God All O’ My Trou­bles, sung by Paul Robe­son in that famous bari­tone of his, and it’s worth look­ing at the life of the man Paul Robe­son, whose sto­ry is real­ly about how you can’t keep a good man down, against all the odds.

Robe­son was both an aca­d­e­m­ic and an ath­lete, and won a schol­ar­ship to Rut­gers Col­lege in 1915, the only black man there at the time. He excelled for the Rut­gers foot­ball team, the Scar­let Knights, although at one point he was benched because a South­ern foot­ball team refused to take the field because the Scar­let Knights were field­ing a negro. But he kept going and flour­ished both ath­let­i­cal­ly and aca­d­e­m­i­cal­ly, end­ing up fin­ish­ing uni­ver­si­ty with fly­ing colours and accept­ed into the pres­ti­gious hon­our soci­eties Phi Beta Kap­pa and Cap and Skull.

He went on to study law at Colum­bia Uni­ver­si­ty, whilst simul­ta­ne­ous­ly play­ing pro­fes­sion­al Amer­i­can foot­ball for the Mil­wau­kee Bad­gers and pro­mot­ing his fine singing by act­ing in off-cam­pus pro­duc­tions. After grad­u­at­ing, he became a fig­ure in the Harlem Renais­sance with per­for­mances in the Eugene O’Neill plays The Emper­or Jones and All God’s Chillun Got Wings, and gave up both his foot­ball and his fledg­ling law career. He was lat­er to find world­wide fame from per­for­mances such as his “Joe” in Show Boat at London’s Drury Lane The­atre, fea­tur­ing the bench­mark song Ol’ Man Riv­er, and as Oth­el­lo in three sep­a­rate pro­duc­tions of that play.

Robe­son soon found him­self wel­comed and court­ed by elite social cir­cles, but this did not turn his head, and he was to become a pro­lif­ic polit­i­cal activist for civ­il rights and oth­er social jus­tice cam­paigns through­out his life, as well as sup­port­ing the Repub­li­can cause in the Span­ish Civ­il War. His sym­pa­thies for the Sovi­et Union and com­mu­nism caused him to be black­list­ed dur­ing the McCarthy era, but his rep­u­ta­tion as a strong and respect­ed voice for jus­tice had already been sealed, and he nev­er gave up.

Between 1925 and 1961, Robe­son record­ed and released some 276 dis­tinct songs, span­ning many styles, includ­ing spir­i­tu­als, pop­u­lar stan­dards, Euro­pean folk songs, polit­i­cal songs and poet­ry. I’m Goin’ To Tell God All O’ My Trou­bles was released as the B‑side to Deep Riv­er in 1927, and is a deeply felt expres­sion of life under the yoke.

Paul Robe­son